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Geranium homeanum

Turcz. (1863)

This name is accepted

Kingdom: Viridiplantae Phylum: Magnoliophyta Class/Clade: Eudicot-Rosids Order: Geraniales Family: Geraniaceae Genus: Geranium

cranesbill

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Description

Key Characters:

Growth Form: Perennial herbs with cylindrical, irregularly tapering, branched taproots up to ca. 2 cm in diameter.

Stems: Flowering stems decumbent, 2–5(–7) dm long, many-branched, sparsely covered with coarse retrorse hairs, sometimes glabrate.

Roots:

Leaves: Leaves simple. Opposite and basal. Blades suborbicular to reniform in outline, 1.5–3 cm long, 2–6 cm wide. Surfaces sparsely appressed pubescent. Margins deeply palmately 3–7(–9)-lobed, the lobes oblong–obovate, these again divided, the central lobe nearly as wide as long. Petioles usually 4–10 cm long, those of basal leaves up to ca. 30 cm long. Stipules linear-lanceolate, 3–6 mm long, ciliate or glabrous.

Flowers: Flowers usually in pairs in the leaf axils; peduncles and pedicels slender, Peduncles 1.8–2.4 cm long. Flowers bisexual (perfect), actinomorphic; pedicels 1.5–2.2 cm long, moderately retrorsely appressed pubescent, subtended by narrow bracts. Calyx of 5 sepals, often mucronate or awn–tipped, distinct or sometimes connate at base, rarely forming a tube, outer sepals ovate–elliptic, inner ones elliptic–obovate, 3–3.5 mm long, with 3 prominent veins, pubescence usually confined to veins and toward base, apex with an awn 0.8–1 mm long. Corolla of 5 petals, pale pink, distinct, nectary glands alternate with the petals, obovate, 2–4.5 mm long. Stamens (5)10; filaments ± connate at base, those alternate with the petals longer than others and with basal glands; anthers dithecal, opening by longitudinal slits. Ovary superior or nearly so, 5-celled, carpels connate around a central column to form a compound ovary with as many cells, fertile portion a lobed ring at base of stylar column, placentation axile; ovules 2 per cell, anatropous to campylotropous, usually pendulous; styles 3–5, slender and beak-like, sometimes narrowed below apex, stylar column elongating to 8–11 mm long in fruit; stigmas slender and dry, rarely capitate.

Fruit: Septicidal and elastically dehiscent capsules separating into as many segments as carpels; carpel bodies ca. 3 mm long; pubescent; a portion of the style splitting off from remainder of stylar column and forming an awn that recurves upward from the persistent central column; usually remaining attached to apex; sometimes the awn also becomes spirally coiled; awn usually hygroscopic. Seeds 1–2 per segment; smooth or reticulate; released from carpel body; reddish brown; oblong; ca. 2 mm long; the surface conspicuously reticulate; endosperm usually scanty or absent; rarely copious and oily.

Ploidy:

Habitat: Occurring in disturbed areas; primarily pastures.

Elevation Range: 1,130–2,150 m.

Historical Distribution

Images

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Uses and Culture

USES

Natural History

Statewide Status

Naturalized

Island Status

Kaua'i Naturalized
Maui Naturalized
Hawai'i Naturalized

Dispersal Agents


Pollinators

Bibliography

Name Published In: Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 36(I): 591 (1863)

Other References

Wagner et al. 1990:732 (K, M, H); Aedo 2023:239 (DESCR, KEY)

Occurrences

SNo. Scientific Name Locality Habitat Basis of Record Recorded By Record Number Island Source Date
1 Geranium homeanum Puuwaawaa, on transect T19 Overgrazed stands of dieback Sophora. In pasture situations. Preserved_Specimen Takeuchi, W.N. 5754 Hawaii BISH 1989-04-01
2 Geranium homeanum Puhimau Crater Bare bulldozed cinder soil in old road-bed in open Metrosideros forest on under-covered lava. Preserved_Specimen Fosberg, F.R. 57472 Hawaii BISH 1978-04-15
3 Geranium homeanum Puu Huluhulu, North Hilo Dist Growing along road up pu`u, with other herbs, ferns, and grasses. Preserved_Specimen Davis, J. 631 Hawaii BISH 1981-10-14
4 Geranium homeanum East Maui, Middle Auwahi Remnant dryland Sclerophyll forest. Preserved_Specimen Wagner, W.L. 5459 Maui BISH 1984-10-07
5 Geranium homeanum East Maui, Upper East end of Auwahi Remnant dryland sclerophyll forest. Preserved_Specimen Wagner, W.L. 5474 Maui BISH 1984-10-07
6 Geranium homeanum South Hilo District. Near Puu Kipu On ground beside jeep trail in disturbed closed Metrosideros - Acacia forest. Preserved_Specimen Cuddihy, L.W. 198 Hawaii BISH 1980-02-12
7 Geranium homeanum Hawaii Volcanoes National Park; Kipuka Puaulu Brid Park Common weed along path. Preserved_Specimen Iltis, H.H. Hawaii BISH 1967-06-20
8 Geranium homeanum Keauhou Ranch (T-KI), Kau district Habitat: side of skid trail in disturbed closed Metrosideros forest. Preserved_Specimen ESP Field Crew 103 Hawaii BISH 1979-09-07
9 Geranium homeanum Ulupalakua Ranch, land of Keauhou S of Puu Io In shaded site under Eucalyptus Preserved_Specimen Wagner, W.L. 5665 Maui BISH 1986-07-12
10 Geranium homeanum Hawaii Volcanoes National Park. Kau District. Along Hwy 11, across the road from foot prints trail at ca 1130 m, in forest at edge of lava flow Growing in open area. Preserved_Specimen Herat, T. 687 Hawaii BISH 1974-06-20
11 Geranium homeanum Kokee. Halemanu Valley In cracks between rocks in dry streambed. Preserved_Specimen Flynn, T.W. 861 Kauai BISH 1984-05-17
12 Geranium homeanum Drive to Kipuka Puaulu located about 1.5 miles up the Mauna Loa Strip Road from intersection with Kona-Hilo Highway Plant was about halfway around Kipuka Puaulu Nature Trail on side trail leading to the Big Koa tree. (plot 62) Preserved_Specimen Newell, C.L. 1027 Hawaii BISH 1967-06-28
13 Geranium homeanum Kukaiau, Hamakua In pasture under Koa trees. Preserved_Specimen Hosaka, E.Y. 1545 Hawaii BISH 1936-08-27
14 Geranium homeanum N. side of Saddle Rd. opposite K-7 near bulldozed area at 1500 m elevation, along disturbed area, and disturbed roadway; vegetation closed canopied Metrosisderos scrub Along disturbed area, and disturbed roadway; vegetation closed canopied Metrosideros scrub. Preserved_Specimen Wagner, W.L. 4713 Hawaii BISH 1982-11-18
15 Geranium homeanum Pauohi, Kealakekua, S. Kona Found in pasture. Preserved_Specimen Hosaka, E.Y. Hawaii BISH 1983-01-01
16 Geranium homeanum Makahalau, Waimea, Hamakua Preserved_Specimen Hosaka, E.Y. 2162 Hawaii BISH 1938-06-02
17 Geranium homeanum Kohala Mountains, access rd. above Waikoloa reservoirs # 1 & 2, to upper Hamakua ditch Preserved_Specimen Wagner, W.L. 5517 Hawaii BISH 1985-06-23
18 Geranium homeanum Near Pohakuloa, Puu Omaokoili Preserved_Specimen Kosaka, E. 7 Hawaii BISH 1962-04-03
19 Geranium homeanum East Maui, Haleakala National Park, around buildings at Research Station just below Park HQ Preserved_Specimen Nagata, K.M. 2569 Maui BISH 1982-11-20
20 Geranium homeanum Hawaii Volcanoes National Park, Kipuka Puaulu Preserved_Specimen Fosberg, F.R. 53688 Hawaii BISH 1971-04-13
21 Geranium homeanum Kohala mountains, upper Hamakua ditch at the end of access rd. above Waikoloa reservoirs # 1 & 2, Preserved_Specimen Wagner, W.L. 5533 Hawaii BISH 1985-06-23
22 Geranium homeanum Puuwaawaa, Hawaii Preserved_Specimen Dustui, C.J. 1912 Hawaii BISH
23 Geranium homeanum Volcanoes National Park, Kipuka Puaulu Preserved_Specimen Sohmer, S.H. 6329 Hawaii BISH 1970-01-08
24 Geranium homeanum Old forested, cattle-infested lava flow near Kau Desert about 8 miles west of Volcano House Preserved_Specimen Degener, O. 18416 Hawaii BISH 1926-07-26
25 Geranium homeanum Hanalei District; Kalalau Rim; 150 m west of Peach Tree Ridge; Steep Diverse Lowland Mesic Cliffs with; Nototrichium sp. nov., Panicum lineale, Stenogyne capanulata, Lipidium serra, Melicope pallida, Artemisia, Carex meyenii, Boehmeria grandis, Preserved_Specimen Wood, K.R. 1789 Kauai BISH 1992-04-15
26 Geranium homeanum Located on the Mauna Loa Strip road about 2.5 miles from intersection with Kona-Hilo Highway; or about 100 meter (NE) uphill sign at the right side of road; or about 1 mile past Kipuka Puaulu. (plot 20) Preserved_Specimen Newell, C.L. 174 Hawaii BISH 1966-07-27
27 Geranium homeanum East Maui, Hana District, Nuu AHU, Tr 20 (25), Kaupo Gap, W of Kaupo Village Trail in gulch bottom Preserved_Specimen Higashino, P.K. 9016 Maui BISH 1980-05-27
28 Geranium homeanum Along Mauie road 17 miles from Kohala toward Waimea, Hawaii Preserved_Specimen Degener, O. 30232 Hawaii BISH 1926-08-14
29 Geranium homeanum North Kohala District, Kalala ahupuaa, Lahikiola cinder cone Preserved_Specimen Bunch, P.M. 108 Hawaii BISH 1989-03-13
30 Geranium homeanum Near Kilauea Preserved_Specimen Degener, O. 30233 Hawaii BISH 1926-07-26
31 Geranium homeanum Puuwaawaa; overgrazed stands of dieback Sophora Preserved_Specimen Takeuchi, W.N. 5754 Hawaii BISH 1989-04-01
32 Geranium homeanum North Hilo District: along the Saddle Road (Hwy 200) near mile marker 23, west of Hilo. Barren 'aa lava flow, 1775 m Preserved_Specimen Lammers, T.G. 5446 Hawaii BISH 1983-08-05
33 Geranium homeanum Mauna Kea; Pohakaloa Burn. 1979 burn above Pohakaloa Military Camp Preserved_Specimen Adee, K.T. Hawaii BISH
34 Geranium homeanum Waikii, edges of cornfields Preserved_Specimen Judd Jr., A.F. Hawaii BISH 1928-07-21
35 Geranium homeanum Hawaii Preserved_Specimen Hawaii BISH
36 Geranium homeanum Hawaii Preserved_Specimen Adee, K.T. Hawaii BISH
37 Geranium homeanum Auwahi Preserved_Specimen Krauss, N.L.H. 1108 Maui BISH 1967-04-18
38 Geranium homeanum Kalualii Preserved_Specimen Forbes, C.N. 2046 Maui BISH 1920-03-20
39 Geranium homeanum Parker Ranch Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. 3377 Hawaii BISH 1909-06-23
40 Geranium homeanum Hawaii National Park, Kipuka Ki, weed in dry forest Preserved_Specimen Webster, G.L. 1723 Hawaii BISH 1948-06-16
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